Advanced Oxidation
Toxin Neutralization
Shred functional groups in heavy metals like Selenium & Arsenic, nasty viruses like SARS-CoV-2, harmful bacteria like E. coli, or other toxins like plastic leachate.
- Environmental compliance leads
- Selenium and arsenic dischargers
- Public health authorities
- Municipal water and wastewater utilities
- Mine process water teams
- Industrial outfall operators
The problem
The Discharge Exposure
Compliance leads do not get to choose which contaminant shows up. Selenium and arsenic arrive with the geology, whether the water is a municipal source or mine process water. Plastic leachate arrives with the infrastructure. Viral and bacterial load, SARS-CoV-2 and E. coli among them, arrives with everything else, and each one carries a separate limit and reporting obligation.
The financial consequence lands in the same place regardless of which one it is. The US EPA puts polluted runoff at $1.1 billion in cost to states, and water-borne infectious disease carries more than $3.3 billion in healthcare cost. At plant scale that pressure shows up as sampling frequency, hauling volume, chemical inventory and the standing risk of a discharge event that stops operation.
Most conventional responses relocate the problem rather than resolve it. Dosing a chemical creates a residual to manage and report. Separation concentrates the contaminant into a sludge or a brine that still needs a destination and a permit.
- Heavy metals such as selenium and arsenic that persist through conventional treatment
- Viral and bacterial load, including SARS-CoV-2 and E. coli
- Plastic leachate and other toxins introduced by infrastructure rather than source water
- Chemical dosing that trades one reportable stream for another
- Sampling, hauling and inventory costs that scale with every added parameter
- Hypoxia and eutrophication pressure on the receiving water body
How it works
How Ozone Nanobubbles Act
Ozone is a strong oxidant, and the limiting factor in an ozone process is rarely the chemistry. It is contact: how much of the dosed gas dissolves, how long it stays in solution, and whether it reaches the contaminant before it leaves the water. Nanobubble generation changes those variables rather than changing the oxidant.
Axbold equipment produces roughly 220 million nanobubbles per mL, about a billion per teaspoon, at an average bubble size of 76 nm measured independently by NanoSight nanoparticle tracking analysis. At that scale bubbles do not rise and vent. They carry an electrical surface charge, remain highly pressurized, and can stay in solution for months, so oxidant persists through the water column instead of leaving it in minutes.
Gas throughput on the Axbold Guardian is 171.9 LPM (45.4 GPM) at 90% mass transfer into the fluid. By mass, ozone duty runs up to 368 grams per minute, subject to generation capability. Floating platform configurations place that reaction inside the water body rather than in a side stream, so oxidation occurs where the contaminant is. The action on a toxin is structural: ozone attacks at the functional group level, the part of the molecule that makes it reactive, biologically active or bioavailable.
- 76 nm average bubble size, NanoSight nanoparticle tracking analysis
- 220 million nanobubbles per mL, roughly 1 billion per teaspoon
- Electrically charged, highly pressurized, able to stay in solution for months
- 90% mass transfer of gas into the fluid at 171.9 LPM (45.4 GPM)
- Up to 368 grams per minute of ozone, subject to generation capability
- In-situ placement on a floating platform, no side-stream loop to build
368 g/min
Ozone Output
Subject to generation capability
76 nm
Average Bubble Size
NanoSight nanoparticle tracking analysis
220M
Nanobubbles Per mL
Roughly 1 billion per teaspoon
90%
Gas Mass Transfer
Into the fluid at 171.9 LPM (45.4 GPM)
What changes
What A Program Includes
Axbold does not sell a neutralization guarantee. Toxin behavior depends on the matrix: pH, temperature, solids loading, competing oxidant demand and whatever else shares the water all change how ozone is consumed and what it reaches first. What a specific water does under ozone is settled by measurement on that water, before a compliance position is built on it, which is why measurement sits inside the program rather than beside it.
Which shape a program takes follows from how the exposure behaves rather than from which contaminant is named. A parameter already in exceedance is scoped as an intervention with a defined end. One that returns seasonally or under load has to run continuously to hold anything down. Where the hardware has to sit on the operator's own balance sheet, the structure changes rather than the treatment, and Axbold water security programs are built on that distinction.
A compliance program is usually limited by what it can afford to attempt. Because a unit is portable, floats, and needs less permitting, equipment and space than fixed treatment infrastructure, oxidation can be trialed on the outfall or basin actually driving the exceedance — before the parameter enters a capital plan.
- Solution consulting, testing and data services built into every program
- Emergent, Proactive and Embedded program structures
- 2.7 kWh per unit, two moving parts, quarterly checkup of one hour at most
- IP68 Grade 316 stainless steel construction on a 10 year useful life
- Solar-capable, on single or three-phase service at 120/240V
- Talk with an expert before assuming a result for your water
Common questions
Will this bring my discharge into compliance?
Axbold does not make that claim ahead of testing. The system delivers a defined quantity of oxidant into the water at a defined transfer efficiency; what that accomplishes depends on the contaminant, the concentration and the competing demand in the matrix. Consulting, testing and data services are built into every program rather than sold as an extra, so the compliance position is established by measurement on your water rather than by specification.
Which toxins is the system specified for?
Selenium and arsenic among heavy metals, SARS-CoV-2 among viruses, E. coli among bacteria, and plastic leachate among other toxins. Ozone nanobubbles act on functional groups, which is a mechanism rather than a list, and a contaminant that has not been characterized is settled by testing rather than by specification.
How is this different from conventional aeration or a contact basin?
Conventional bubbles rise and vent, so dose is limited by how fast gas escapes the water. At 76 nm average size the bubbles are electrically charged, highly pressurized and can remain in solution for months, and the system reaches 90% mass transfer into the fluid. A contact basin also requires you to bring the water to the oxidant; a floating platform brings the oxidant to the water.
What does deployment actually require on site?
The unit is roughly 37 inches high, 12 inches wide and 8 inches long, weighs about 82 pounds, and floats, with submersible, air-cooled and in-line options available. It operates on 2.7 kWh, supports single and three-phase service at 120/240V, and can be powered by solar panels. Because it operates in situ, it needs less permitting, equipment and space than fixed infrastructure. Maintenance is a quarterly checkup of an hour at most.
Related
Other water, same capability
Connect
Talk about toxin neutralization
Tell us the water body, the contaminant or target, the volume and what you have already tried. That is enough for a useful first answer.